What type of learning processes is associated with Haladyna?

• A. Only memorization techniques
• B. Understanding, problem solving, critical thinking, and creativity
• C. Behavioral modification strategies
• D. Lecture-based learning

Answer: (B)

The option indicating understanding, problem solving, critical thinking, and creativity aligns well with Haladyna's focus on assessment and educational practices that foster higher-order thinking skills. Haladyna has contributed significantly to the field of educational measurement and assessment, emphasizing the importance of evaluating not just rote memorization but also the capacity of students to apply knowledge in various contexts.

This approach is critical in contemporary education, where educators aim to prepare students for real-world challenges that require analytical and creative thinking. By promoting learning processes that include these elements, Haladyna's work advocates for an instructional design that goes beyond mere memorization, encouraging deeper cognitive engagement and long-lasting understanding among learners.