What characterizes Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

• A. Only difficulties with communication
• B. Challenges with social interaction, communication, and repetitive behaviors
• C. A focus on academic prowess
• D. Only physical developmental delays

Answer: (B)

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by a combination of challenges that affect social interaction, communication, and behavior. Individuals with ASD often find it difficult to engage in typical social interactions, which can include understanding social cues, forming relationships, or responding to social situations appropriately. Moreover, communication challenges can vary widely, from nonverbal communication to difficulties in maintaining a conversation or interpreting language nuances.

Repetitive behaviors, such as engaging in specific routines, re-enacting actions, or having intense focus on particular interests, are also core characteristics of ASD. These behaviors can serve as a coping mechanism or a way to find comfort in a world that might feel overwhelming. Together, these aspects create a unique set of challenges and strengths for each individual on the spectrum, defining the multifaceted nature of Autism Spectrum Disorder.

The other choices do not fully encapsulate the core features of ASD. For instance, some options may narrow down the characteristics to only communication difficulties or emphasize physical developmental delays, which do not comprehensively represent the spectrum of challenges individuals with ASD experience. This complexity is why option B is the most accurate representation of ASD.