What are some techniques used in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)?

• A. Reinforcement, prompting, and shaping behaviors
• B. Direct instruction and standardized testing
• C. Interactive modeling and guided practice
• D. Summer learning programs and parental engagement

Answer: (A)

The answer highlights techniques commonly employed in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), which is a therapeutic approach widely used for individuals with autism and other developmental disorders. Reinforcement, prompting, and shaping behaviors are cornerstone techniques that aim to modify behavior by applying principles of behaviorism.

Reinforcement refers to the process of providing a consequence that strengthens a behavior, making it more likely to occur in the future. This can be through positive reinforcement, such as rewards for desired behaviors, or negative reinforcement, where a negative condition is removed following a desired behavior.

Prompting involves providing cues or hints to encourage a behavior, usually used when an individual might struggle to exhibit the desired response independently. Prompts can be verbal, visual, or physical, assisting learners in achieving the correct response before gradually fading the prompt as they become more proficient.

Shaping is a method where behaviors are developed gradually by reinforcing successive approximations toward the desired behavior. This technique enables the individual to learn new and complex behaviors through small, manageable steps.

In contrast, the other choices focus on different educational practices that do not directly pertain to the behavior modification strategies found in ABA. For example, direct instruction and standardized testing are pedagogical methods rather than techniques used in behavior analysis. Similarly, interactive modeling and